Guillaume Apollinaire (French: [ɡijom apɔlinɛʁ]; 26 August 1880 – 9 November 1918) (born as Wilhelm Albert Włodzimierz Apolinary de Wąż-Kostrowicki) was a French poet, playwright, short story writer, novelist, and art critic of Polish-Belarusian descent. Apollinaire is considered one of the foremost poets of the early 20th century, as well as one of the most impassioned defenders of Cubism and a forefather of Surrealism. He is credited with coining the term "Cubism" in 1911 to describe the emerging art movement, the term Orphism in 1912, and the term "Surrealism" in 1917 to describe the works of Erik Satie. He wrote poems without punctuation attempting to be resolutely modern in both form and subject. Apollinaire wrote one of the earliest Surrealist literary works, the play The Breasts of Tiresias (1917), which became the basis for Francis Poulenc's 1947 opera Les mamelles de Tirésias. Influenced by Symbolist poetry in his youth, he was admired during his lifetime by the young poets who later formed the nucleus of the Surrealist group (Breton, Aragon, Soupault). He revealed very early on an originality that freed him from any school of influence and made him one of the precursors of the literary revolution of the first …
Guillaume Apollinaire
Author details
- Aliases:
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Guillaume Apollinaire, Guillaume Apollinaire de Kostrowitsky, Guillaume-Albert de Kostrowitsky, and 38 others
Gijom Apolliner, Guillaume de Kostrowitsky, Guillaume Kostrowisky, Wilhelm Apollinaris de Kostrowitsky, Guillaume Albert Dulcigni, Guillaume Apolinaire, Wilhelm Albert Włodzimierz Apolinary Kostrowicki, Guillaume Albert Wladimir Aleksander Apollinaire de Kostrowitsky, Wilhelm Apollinaire de Kostrowitsky, Guillaume Albert Wladimir Alexandre Apollinaire de Kostrowitsky, Gkigiōm Apollinair, Charles Devereux, Wilhelm Apollinaris de Kostrowitzky, Apollinaire, Wilhelm Apollinaris De Kostrowitsky, Giyom Apoliner, Guillaume Appollinaire, Guillaume Albert Wladimir Alexandre Apollinaire de Kostrowitzky, Gijom Apoliner, Guiïom Apolliner, Guillaume-Apollinaire-Albert de Kostrowitzky, גיום אפולינר, G. Apollinaire, ג אפולינר, Giullaume Apollinaire, Guillaume de Kostrowisky, Guillaume De Kostrowitsky, Kostrowicki, W.A.W.A. Von Kostrowitski, Giĭom Apolliner, Apollinaire-Billy, G. Apolliner, Guillaume De Kostrowisky, Guillaume Apollinaire de Kostrowitzky, Ǧiyūm Abūlīnār, kostrowitski, Guillaume Apollinaire Albert de Kostrowitsky, Wilhelm Apolinary Kostowicki - Born:
- April 17, 1880
- Died:
- April 17, 1918
External links
Guillaume Apollinaire (French: [ɡijom apɔlinɛʁ]; 26 August 1880 – 9 November 1918) (born as Wilhelm Albert Włodzimierz Apolinary de Wąż-Kostrowicki) was a French poet, playwright, short story writer, novelist, and art critic of Polish-Belarusian descent. Apollinaire is considered one of the foremost poets of the early 20th century, as well as one of the most impassioned defenders of Cubism and a forefather of Surrealism. He is credited with coining the term "Cubism" in 1911 to describe the emerging art movement, the term Orphism in 1912, and the term "Surrealism" in 1917 to describe the works of Erik Satie. He wrote poems without punctuation attempting to be resolutely modern in both form and subject. Apollinaire wrote one of the earliest Surrealist literary works, the play The Breasts of Tiresias (1917), which became the basis for Francis Poulenc's 1947 opera Les mamelles de Tirésias. Influenced by Symbolist poetry in his youth, he was admired during his lifetime by the young poets who later formed the nucleus of the Surrealist group (Breton, Aragon, Soupault). He revealed very early on an originality that freed him from any school of influence and made him one of the precursors of the literary revolution of the first half of the 20th century. His art is not based on any theory, but on a simple principle: the act of creating must come from the imagination, from intuition, because it must be as close as possible to life, to nature, to the environment, and to the human being. Apollinaire was also active as a journalist and art critic for Le Matin, L'Intransigeant, L'Esprit nouveau, Mercure de France, and Paris Journal. In 1912 Apollinaire cofounded Les Soirées de Paris, an artistic and literary magazine. Two years after being wounded in World War I, Apollinaire died during the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918 and was declared "Dead for France" (Mort pour la France) because of his commitment during the war.
Books by Guillaume Apollinaire
Hundra år modern fransk dikt
by Paul Verlaine, Charles Baudelaire, Gunnar Ekelöf, and 8 others